LCNA interventions emphasize the importance of phrased and fluent reading. In one-to-one lessons, teachers help children develop phrased and fluent reading by:

• appealing to the child’s oral language experience by encouraging fast reading of familiar texts and encouraging intonation.
• encouraging, in early lessons, fast recognition in reading and fast construction of print in writing, working toward fast responding with new learning as quickly as possible.
• demonstrating phrasing on texts in a variety of ways.
• selecting texts that will facilitate familiar reading.
• providing opportunities for multiple readings of familiar texts.
• encouraging flexibility in varying speed of oral reading to match difficulty of the text.
• using a variety of specific procedures, as needed, to promote fluent and phrased reading

Clay, M. M. (2002). An observation survey of early literacy achievement. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.